# K. 縮寫字 本頁列出在本翻譯文件及官方手冊常見的縮寫字。 ANSI [American National Standards Institute](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institute) API [Application Programming Interface](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API) ASCII [American Standard Code for Information Interchange](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascii) BKI [Backend Interface](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/bki.html) CA [Certificate Authority](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_authority) CIDR [Classless Inter-Domain Routing](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing) CPAN [Comprehensive Perl Archive Network](http://www.cpan.org/) CRL [Certificate Revocation List](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_revocation_list) CSV [Comma Separated Values](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values) CTE [Common Table Expression](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/queries-with.html) CVE [Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures](http://cve.mitre.org/) DBA [Database Administrator](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_administrator) DBI [Database Interface (Perl)](http://dbi.perl.org/) DBMS [Database Management System](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dbms) DDL [Data Definition Language](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Definition_Language), SQL commands such as`CREATE TABLE`,`ALTER USER` DML [Data Manipulation Language](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Manipulation_Language), SQL commands such as`INSERT`,`UPDATE`,`DELETE` DST [Daylight Saving Time](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving_time) ECPG [Embedded C for PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/ecpg.html) ESQL [Embedded SQL](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_SQL) FAQ [Frequently Asked Questions](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAQ) FSM [Free Space Map](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/storage-fsm.html) GEQO [Genetic Query Optimizer](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/geqo.html) GIN [Generalized Inverted Index](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/gin.html) GiST [Generalized Search Tree](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/gist.html) Git [Git](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git_\(software\)) GMT [Greenwich Mean Time](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMT) GSSAPI [Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generic_Security_Services_Application_Program_Interface) GUC [Grand Unified Configuration](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/config-setting.html), thePostgreSQLsubsystem that handles server configuration HBA [Host-Based Authentication](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/auth-pg-hba-conf.html) HOT [Heap-Only Tuples](http://git.postgresql.org/gitweb?p=postgresql.git;a=blob;f=src/backend/access/heap/README.HOT;hb=HEAD) IEC [International Electrotechnical Commission](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission) IEEE [Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers](http://standards.ieee.org/) IPC [Inter-Process Communication](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-process_communication) ISO [International Organization for Standardization](http://www.iso.org/iso/home.htm) ISSN [International Standard Serial Number](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issn) JDBC [Java Database Connectivity](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Database_Connectivity) LDAP [Lightweight Directory Access Protocol](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol) LSN Log Sequence Number, see[`pg_lsn`](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/datatype-pg-lsn.html)and[WAL Internals](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/wal-internals.html). MSVC [Microsoft Visual C](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_C++) MVCC [Multi-Version Concurrency Control](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/mvcc.html) NLS [National Language Support](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization) ODBC [Open Database Connectivity](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Database_Connectivity) OID [Object Identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/datatype-oid.html) OLAP [Online Analytical Processing](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olap) OLTP [Online Transaction Processing](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLTP) ORDBMS [Object-Relational Database Management System](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ORDBMS) PAM [Pluggable Authentication Modules](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluggable_Authentication_Modules) PGSQL [PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/index.html) PGXS [PostgreSQLExtension System](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/extend-pgxs.html) PID [Process Identifier](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_identifier) PITR [Point-In-Time Recovery](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/continuous-archiving.html)(Continuous Archiving) PL [Procedural Languages (server-side)](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/server-programming.html) POSIX [Portable Operating System Interface](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX) RDBMS [Relational Database Management System](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_database_management_system) RFC [Request For Comments](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_Comments) SGML [Standard Generalized Markup Language](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGML) SPI [Server Programming Interface](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/spi.html) SP-GiST [Space-Partitioned Generalized Search Tree](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/spgist.html) SQL [Structured Query Language](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL) SRF [Set-Returning Function](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/xfunc-c.html#xfunc-c-return-set) SSH [Secure Shell](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell) SSL [Secure Sockets Layer](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer) SSPI [Security Support Provider Interface](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa380493\(VS.85\).aspx) SYSV [Unix System V](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_V) TCP/IP [Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP)](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol) TID [Tuple Identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/datatype-oid.html) TOAST [The Oversized-Attribute Storage Technique](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/storage-toast.html) TPC [Transaction Processing Performance Council](http://www.tpc.org/) URL [Uniform Resource Locator](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL) UTC [Coordinated Universal Time](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time) UTF [Unicode Transformation Format](http://www.unicode.org/) UTF8 [Eight-Bit Unicode Transformation Format](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utf8) UUID [Universally Unique Identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/datatype-uuid.html) WAL [Write-Ahead Log](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/wal.html) XID [Transaction Identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/static/datatype-oid.html) XML [Extensible Markup Language](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML) *