# L. 縮寫字

本頁列出在本翻譯文件及官方手冊常見的縮寫字。

ANSI

[American National Standards Institute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institute)

API

[Application Programming Interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API)

ASCII

[American Standard Code for Information Interchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascii)

BKI

[Backend Interface](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/bki.html)

CA

[Certificate Authority](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_authority)

CIDR

[Classless Inter-Domain Routing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing)

CPAN

[Comprehensive Perl Archive Network](https://www.cpan.org)

CRL

[Certificate Revocation List](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_revocation_list)

CSV

[Comma Separated Values](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values)

CTE

[Common Table Expression](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/queries-with.html)

CVE

[Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures](https://cve.mitre.org)

DBA

[Database Administrator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_administrator)

DBI

[Database Interface (Perl)](https://dbi.perl.org)

DBMS

[Database Management System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dbms)

DDL

[Data Definition Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Definition_Language), SQL commands such as `CREATE TABLE`, `ALTER USER`

DML

[Data Manipulation Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Manipulation_Language), SQL commands such as `INSERT`, `UPDATE`, `DELETE`

DST

[Daylight Saving Time](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving_time)

ECPG

[Embedded C for PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/ecpg.html)

ESQL

[Embedded SQL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_SQL)

FAQ

[Frequently Asked Questions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAQ)

FSM

[Free Space Map](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/storage-fsm.html)

GEQO

[Genetic Query Optimizer](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/geqo.html)

GIN

[Generalized Inverted Index](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/gin.html)

GiST

[Generalized Search Tree](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/gist.html)

Git

[Git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git_\(software\))

GMT

[Greenwich Mean Time](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMT)

GSSAPI

[Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generic_Security_Services_Application_Program_Interface)

GUC

[Grand Unified Configuration](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/config-setting.html), the PostgreSQL subsystem that handles server configuration

HBA

[Host-Based Authentication](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/auth-pg-hba-conf.html)

HOT

[Heap-Only Tuples](https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=blob;f=src/backend/access/heap/README.HOT;hb=HEAD)

IEC

[International Electrotechnical Commission](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission)

IEEE

[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers](https://standards.ieee.org)

IPC

[Inter-Process Communication](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-process_communication)

ISO

[International Organization for Standardization](https://www.iso.org/home.html)

ISSN

[International Standard Serial Number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issn)

JDBC

[Java Database Connectivity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Database_Connectivity)

JIT

[Just-in-Time compilation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just-in-time_compilation)

JSON

[JavaScript Object Notation](https://www.json.org)

LDAP

[Lightweight Directory Access Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol)

LSN

Log Sequence Number, see [`pg_lsn`](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/datatype-pg-lsn.html) and [WAL Internals](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/wal-internals.html).

MSVC

[Microsoft Visual C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_C++)

MVCC

[Multi-Version Concurrency Control](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/mvcc.html)

NLS

[National Language Support](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization)

ODBC

[Open Database Connectivity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Database_Connectivity)

OID

[Object Identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/datatype-oid.html)

OLAP

[Online Analytical Processing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olap)

OLTP

[Online Transaction Processing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLTP)

ORDBMS

[Object-Relational Database Management System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ORDBMS)

PAM

[Pluggable Authentication Modules](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluggable_Authentication_Modules)

PGSQL

[PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/index.html)

PGXS

[PostgreSQL Extension System](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/extend-pgxs.html)

PID

[Process Identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_identifier)

PITR

[Point-In-Time Recovery](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/continuous-archiving.html) (Continuous Archiving)

PL

[Procedural Languages (server-side)](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/server-programming.html)

POSIX

[Portable Operating System Interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX)

RDBMS

[Relational Database Management System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_database_management_system)

RFC

[Request For Comments](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_Comments)

SGML

[Standard Generalized Markup Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGML)

SPI

[Server Programming Interface](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/spi.html)

SP-GiST

[Space-Partitioned Generalized Search Tree](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/spgist.html)

SQL

[Structured Query Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL)

SRF

[Set-Returning Function](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-RETURN-SET)

SSH

[Secure Shell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell)

SSL

[Secure Sockets Layer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer)

SSPI

[Security Support Provider Interface](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa380493\(VS.85\).aspx)

SYSV

[Unix System V](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_V)

TCP/IP

[Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol)

TID

[Tuple Identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/datatype-oid.html)

TOAST

[The Oversized-Attribute Storage Technique](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/storage-toast.html)

TPC

[Transaction Processing Performance Council](http://www.tpc.org)

URL

[Uniform Resource Locator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL)

UTC

[Coordinated Universal Time](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time)

UTF

[Unicode Transformation Format](https://www.unicode.org)

UTF8

[Eight-Bit Unicode Transformation Format](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utf8)

UUID

[Universally Unique Identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/datatype-uuid.html)

WAL

[Write-Ahead Log](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/wal.html)

XID

[Transaction Identifier](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/datatype-oid.html)

XML

[Extensible Markup Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML)