> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.postgresql.tw/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.postgresql.tw/11/server-administration/monitoring-database-activity.md).

# 28. 監控資料庫活動

資料庫管理員經常會想：「系統現在正在做什麼？」本章討論如何回答這個問題。

有幾種工具可用於監控資料庫活動和分析效能。本章的大部分內容都致力於描述 PostgreSQL 的統計收集器，但不應忽視普通的 Unix 監控程序，如 ps、top、iostat 和 vmstat。而且，一旦發現查詢效率不佳，可能需要使用 PostgreSQL 的 [EXPLAIN](/11/reference/sql-commands/explain.md) 指令進一步調查。[第 14.1 節](/11/the-sql-language/performance-tips/using-explain.md)討論了 EXPLAIN 和其他方法來解析單個查詢的行為。


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter:

```
GET https://docs.postgresql.tw/11/server-administration/monitoring-database-activity.md?ask=<question>
```

The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.