9.19. 陣列函式及運算子

Table 9.48shows the operators available for array types.

Table 9.48. Array Operators

Array comparisons compare the array contents element-by-element, using the default B-tree comparison function for the element data type. In multidimensional arrays the elements are visited in row-major order (last subscript varies most rapidly). If the contents of two arrays are equal but the dimensionality is different, the first difference in the dimensionality information determines the sort order. (This is a change from versions ofPostgreSQLprior to 8.2: older versions would claim that two arrays with the same contents were equal, even if the number of dimensions or subscript ranges were different.)

SeeSection 8.15for more details about array operator behavior. SeeSection 11.2for more details about which operators support indexed operations.

Table 9.49shows the functions available for use with array types. SeeSection 8.15for more information and examples of the use of these functions.

Table 9.49. Array Functions

Inarray_positionandarray_positions, each array element is compared to the searched value usingIS NOT DISTINCT FROMsemantics.

Inarray_position,NULLis returned if the value is not found.

Inarray_positions,NULLis returned only if the array isNULL; if the value is not found in the array, an empty array is returned instead.

Instring_to_array, if the delimiter parameter is NULL, each character in the input string will become a separate element in the resulting array. If the delimiter is an empty string, then the entire input string is returned as a one-element array. Otherwise the input string is split at each occurrence of the delimiter string.

Instring_to_array, if the null-string parameter is omitted or NULL, none of the substrings of the input will be replaced by NULL. Inarray_to_string, if the null-string parameter is omitted or NULL, any null elements in the array are simply skipped and not represented in the output string.

Note

There are two differences in the behavior ofstring_to_arrayfrom pre-9.1 versions ofPostgreSQL. First, it will return an empty (zero-element) array rather than NULL when the input string is of zero length. Second, if the delimiter string is NULL, the function splits the input into individual characters, rather than returning NULL as before.

See alsoSection 9.20about the aggregate functionarray_aggfor use with arrays.